The scarlet runner bean is a captivating vining plant that thrives in sunny areas, making it a perfect addition to gardens. With its striking flowers and edible pods, it not only serves as a visual delight but also adds a nutritious element to your garden.
Unique Characteristics of Scarlet Runner Beans
Unlike typical beans that are often relegated to vegetable rows, the scarlet runner bean stands out due to its vibrant flowers. These bright red blossoms bloom throughout the summer and attract bees and hummingbirds, offering a dual purpose: beauty and pollination. When the flowers are pollinated, they develop into pods that can be harvested and eaten like regular green beans. The blooms are also edible, bringing a colorful and slightly bean-flavored element to salads.
Planting Scarlet Runner Beans
To successfully grow scarlet runner beans, it’s crucial to plant them at the right time. These beans are sensitive to frost, so wait until the danger of frost has passed before sowing. If you’re in an area with a short growing season, consider starting seeds indoors about four to six weeks before the last expected frost date. Outdoor planting is best when night temperatures stay above 50°F.
- Planting Depth: Sow the seeds 2 inches deep and space them 6 to 8 inches apart.
- Transplanting Tips: If starting indoors, use small pots with one or two seeds per pot, thinning to the strongest seedling. Be gentle when transplanting to minimize root disturbance.
- Supports: Scarlet runner beans are climbing plants, so be sure to provide a support structure, such as strings, netting, or poles, to help the vines grow vertically.
Scarlet Runner Bean Care Tips
Light and Soil Requirements
Scarlet runner beans require a sunny location, receiving at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. They thrive in soil that is neutral to slightly acidic and rich in organic matter. The soil should be well-draining, as standing water can harm the roots. Mulching can help retain moisture between waterings, but avoid excessive moisture.
Temperature and Humidity
These beans are best grown in warm conditions, as they are sensitive to cold. The seeds germinate poorly in cold soil, and the plant will die back to the ground if exposed to frost. Scarlet runner beans grow rapidly in warm weather, but high temperatures above 90°F can slow pod formation. Moderate humidity is ideal, though the plant is tolerant of various humidity levels.
Fertilization and Pruning
Prior to planting, enrich the soil with compost or well-rotted manure. Over-fertilizing can lead to excessive leafy growth at the expense of flowers and pods. If necessary, apply a slow-release organic fertilizer mid-season. Pruning is minimal for this plant—simply pinch back the tops when they reach the support to control their height.
Growing Scarlet Runner Beans in Containers
If space is limited, growing scarlet runner beans in a large container is a viable option. A 10-gallon container (about 30 inches wide) with well-draining, nutrient-rich soil works well. Add stakes or a trellis to support the growing vines. Position the container in a location that gets plenty of sunlight. Companion flowers that attract pollinators, such as zinnias or salvia, can help increase the chances of successful pod formation.
Dealing with Pests and Problems
While scarlet runner beans are generally easy to grow, they are susceptible to a few pests. Common issues include:
- Slugs and Rabbits: These creatures can nibble on young plants. Use a wire cage to protect seedlings and set up slug traps to control their population.
- Insect Pests: Mexican bean beetles, Japanese beetles, aphids, and leafhoppers may appear. Hand-pick them or spray with water to reduce their numbers.
- Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease can be prevented by ensuring good air circulation around the plants. If mildew develops, remove infected leaves promptly.
Propagating Scarlet Runner Beans
Scarlet runner beans are typically grown from seed each year. Although they may overwinter in frost-free areas, most gardeners treat them as annuals. To propagate, collect seeds from mature pods, which can be stored in a dry, warm place until the next planting season. Direct sowing is the best method, but starting seeds indoors is also an option. Avoid disturbing the roots when transplanting outdoors.
Varieties of Scarlet Runner Bean
‘Scarlet Emperor’
This heirloom variety is a favorite due to its striking crimson flowers, which attract hummingbirds. The vine grows up to 10 feet in height, and the pods can be harvested in about 70 days. These beans can be eaten fresh or dried for winter use.
‘Painted Lady’
Known for its two-toned flowers, ‘Painted Lady’ boasts coral-red upper petals and blush-pink lower petals. It grows 8 to 10 feet tall and is particularly attractive to hummingbirds and moths.
‘Black Knight’
This variety features scarlet flowers and purple-black pods that turn a deep color when dried. With a 65 to 80-day maturation period, it provides a unique twist on traditional scarlet runner beans.
‘Sunset’
The ‘Sunset’ variety is renowned for its peachy-pink flowers and bright green pods. It matures in 65 to 70 days and continues blooming well into the fall.
Companion Plants for Scarlet Runner Beans
To enhance both the aesthetic and pollination efforts in your garden, plant scarlet runner beans alongside pollinator-friendly flowers. These companion plants will help attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which are essential for pod formation.
- Annual Salvia: A long-flowering plant that attracts bees and hummingbirds, adding vibrant colors to your garden.
- Zinnias: Available in various colors, zinnias attract butterflies, bees, and moths, providing bold visual appeal.
- Black-Eyed Susan: With its yellow flowers and dark centers, this plant offers a striking contrast to the scarlet runner bean’s blooms, while also attracting pollinators.
Growing scarlet runner beans is a rewarding gardening experience that combines beauty with functionality. Their stunning flowers and edible pods make them a standout in any garden, while their ability to attract pollinators enhances the overall health of your garden ecosystem.
